Supporting native pollinators is a vital step toward preserving biodiversity and ensuring healthy ecosystems. Native pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, play a crucial role in pollination, which is essential for the growth of many flowering plants. However, these pollinators are facing significant threats due to habitat loss, climate change, and pesticide use. One of the most effective ways to help these pollinators thrive is by planting native pollinator plants, which provide nectar, shelter, and food tailored to their specific needs. In this guide, we explore the best plants for pollinators, how to create a pollinator-friendly garden, and strategies to attract native bees and other pollinators to your space. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or just starting out, this article offers practical tips and insights to help you make a meaningful difference for pollinators in your area.

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Native Pollinators

Native pollinators are animals that play a crucial role in the reproduction of flowering plants, contributing to ecosystem health and biodiversity. These pollinators include bees, butterflies, flies, moths, beetles, and wasps, along with birds, bats, and other small mammals. Their activities facilitate the transfer of pollen from one flower to another, ensuring successful plant reproduction.

• Bees: Bees are among the most well-known pollinators, with solitary bees tending to specific plants. Examples include bumblebees and honeybees, which are vital for crop pollination.
• Butterflies: Butterfly species, such as monarchs and swallowtails, are essential pollinators, often visiting flowers like milkweed and passionflowers.
• Flies: Certain fly species, like hoverflies, mimic bees to trick plants into allowing them to pollinate, aiding in the transfer of pollen.
• Moths: Some moth species, particularly those in the family Sphingidae, are significant pollinators of plants like oleander and passionfruit.
• Beetles: Beetles, including ladybugs and leaf beetles, are important pollinators, often visiting flowers like sunflowers and tomatoes.
• Wasps: Wasps, including solitary and social varieties, are effective pollinators of plants like asters and sunflowers.
• Birds: Birds like hummingbirds and sunbirds act as pollinators, particularly for nectar-rich flowers such as hummingbird feeders and bouquets.
• Bats: Bats, particularly those in the family Vespertilionidae, are crucial pollinators of plants like agave and cacti, which offer nectar and pollen.
• Other Mammals: Small mammals like rodents and shrews occasionally act as pollinators, though their impact is less common compared to insects and birds.

The conservation of native pollinators is critical due to threats from habitat loss, climate change, and pesticide use. Supporting pollinators involves creating pollinator-friendly habitats, planting native flowers, and providing food sources like nectar-rich plants. For more information on how to support native pollinators, visit our resource library .

Best Plants for Pollinators

Attracting pollinators to your garden isn’t just about beauty—it’s essential for biodiversity and ecosystem health. Bees, butterflies, birds, and other pollinators play a vital role in fertilizing plants and producing fruits and seeds. To support these creatures, choose plants that offer rich sources of nectar, pollen, and shelter.

Old Seed advocates for planting a variety of native and non-native flowers that bloom at different times of the year. This ensures a continuous supply of food for pollinators. Here are some top picks:

• Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)

A fragrant herb with clusters of small purple flowers, lavender attracts bees and butterflies. Its long blooming season makes it a great choice for pollinators.

• Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus)

These vibrant flowers are not only beautiful but also packed with pollen. Sunflowers are particularly loved by bees and provide a valuable food source.

• Bee Balm (Monarda didyma)

With its bright red, pink, or white flowers, bee balm is a favorite among pollinators. Its tubular shape allows easy access to nectar and pollen.

• Coneflower (Echinacea spp.)

Native coneflowers are beloved by butterflies and bees. Their dome-shaped flowers are rich in pollen and come in a variety of colors.

• Milkweed (Asclepias spp.)

Milkweed is a staple for monarch butterflies. Its tall, clustered flowers provide both nectar and a habitat for these elegant insects.

• Verbena (Verbena x tricolor)

Verbena is a hardy annual that produces vibrant purple, pink, or white flowers. It’s perfect for borders and attracts pollinators.

• Goldenrod (Solidago virgata)

Goldenrod is a native wildflower that provides late-season nectar for pollinators. Its cheerful yellow flowers are a favorite for bees and butterflies.

To maximize your garden’s appeal, consider combining these plants with others like Old Seed ‘s selection of heirloom varieties. These plants are specifically chosen for their ability to support local ecosystems and attract pollinators. By planting a diverse range of flowers, you can create a haven for pollinators while enjoying a beautiful and productive garden.

For more tips on creating a pollinator-friendly garden, explore Old Seed ‘s resources on sustainable gardening and heirloom plants. Your efforts will reward both you and the pollinators with a thriving, eco-friendly space.

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How to Create a Native Pollinator Garden

To establish a thriving native pollinator garden, follow these organized steps:

1. Choose the Right Location: Select a sunny spot receiving at least 6 hours of daily sunlight. Ensure good drainage and avoid areas treated with pesticides.
2. Plan the Layout: Designate zones for annuals, perennials, and native plants. Incorporate a variety of shapes and sizes to attract diverse pollinators.
3. Prepare the Soil: Test the soil’s pH levels and amend with organic matter like compost to enhance fertility and structure.
4. Select Plants Strategically: Opt for native perennials and annuals known for vibrant blooms and long lifespans. Consider plants blooming at different seasons for continuous nectar access.
5. Implement Watering Systems: Install drip irrigation or rain barrels to efficiently manage water usage and prevent overwatering.
6. Maintain Regularly: Deadhead flowers, prune, and weed to promote health and encourage re-bloom. Mulch to retain moisture and control weeds.
7. Provide Shelter: Introduce tall perennials or structures to offer shade and protection from predators.
8. Add Food Sources: Include herbs like lavender and basil for human use and pollinator attraction. Set up bird feeders to aid seed dispersal.
9. Educate and Adapt: Research native plant species suited to your region through local nurseries or online forums. Adjust planting plans annually based on observed successes and challenges.

By thoughtfully implementing these steps, you can create a haven that supports pollinators and enhances biodiversity in your community.

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What to Plant for Native Bees

Native bees play a vital role in ecosystem health, so planting the right flowers and plants can significantly support them. Here’s a curated list of plants that provide essential nectar and pollen for native bees:

Nectar-Rich Flowers

• Malacothamnus (Chamomile): A favorite for solitary bees, this plant offers abundant nectar and pollen.
• Sphaeralcea (Mallow): Attracts various bee species with its nectar-rich flowers.
• Abutilon (Californian Monkeyflower): Provides critical nectar and shelter for pollinators.
• Eschscholzia californica (California Poppy): Known for its vibrant blooms and nectar appeal.
• Ceanothus (California Lilac): Supports pollinators with its early spring blooms.
• Calystegia (Morning Glory): Offers nectar and shelter for bees and other pollinators.
• Larkspur (Delphinium) : Ideal for bumblebees and other large pollinators.
• Milkweed : Essential for monarch butterflies and other pollinators.
• Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) : High in nectar and attracts numerous insect pollinators.
• Coneflowers (Echinacea spp.) : Popular across many regions, they provide reliable nectar.
• Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) : Beloved by bees and easy to grow.

Plants for Pollen

• Plantago : A wildflower that supports bee nutrition with its pollen.
• Borage (Borago officinalis) : Known for its nutrient-dense flowers.
• Selfheal (Prunella vulgaris) : Provides both nectar and pollen for bees.

Regional Varieties

• Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.) : A tree that provides nectar and habitat for pollinators.
• Elderberry (Sambucus) : An ornamental plant that supports pollinator health.

General Tips

• Plant a variety of flowers to cater to different pollinator needs.
• Avoid using pesticides, as they harm beneficial insects.
• Consider native plants specific to your region for maximum impact.

By thoughtfully selecting these plants, you can create a welcoming environment for native bees and contribute to a healthier ecosystem.

Is Lavender Good for Native Bees?

Lavender, while widely appreciated for its beauty and fragrance, is not native to North America. Its presence can attract various pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and moths. However, its impact on native bee populations varies depending on several factors:1. **Nectar and Pollen Source**: Lavender does provide nectar and pollen, which can be beneficial for bees. However, it is not a native plant, and its presence may attract non-native bee species rather than supporting local native pollinators.2. **Competitive Displacement**: In some regions, lavender can grow aggressively and displace native plants that are crucial for native bee survival. This displacement can reduce the availability of nectar and pollen specifically tailored to native bee needs.3. **Fragrance Deterrence**: Lavender’s strong scent can repel certain pests, which may benefit gardeners, but it is less directly related to supporting native bees.In summary, while lavender can attract pollinators, it is not considered a primary beneficiary of native bee populations due to its non-native status and potential competitive effects.

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How to Increase Native Bees

To help native bees thrive in your yard, follow these steps:

• Provide Habitat: Leave bare patches of earth, old hollow stems, and dead wood for nesting materials.
• Build a Bee Hotel: Create a DIY bee hotel using untreated wood, bamboo, or cardboard, placed in a shaded area.
• Offer Water Sources: Set up shallow water dishes or bird baths, preferably in shaded areas where bees like to cool off.
• Plant Native Flowers: Grow Michigan-native plants like milkweed, coneflowers, and wild bergamot to provide nectar and pollen.
• Minimize Pesticides: Use organic methods or avoid chemicals during flowering seasons to protect bees.
• Create Diverse Habitats: Mix different plants, shrubs, and structures to cater to various bee species and nesting preferences.
• Time Planting Strategically: Plant native species in early spring to align with bee activity periods and local climate conditions.
• Maintain Regularly: Prune deadwood and keep areas accessible to encourage bees to visit and nest.
• Engage Neighbors: Encourage neighbors to create habitats and plant natives, fostering a community effort to support pollinators.
• Avoid Disturbing Nests: Be mindful when landscaping to protect existing nests and provide undisturbed areas for bees.
• Educate and Share Knowledge: Spread awareness about the importance of native bees and their conservation through community outreach.

By implementing these practices, you can create a welcoming environment for native bees, contributing to a healthier ecosystem and supporting pollination efforts in your area.